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The Sathya Sai Baba movement is inspired by South Indian guru Sathya Sai Baba who taught the unity of all religions.〔Kasturi, Narayana, ''"Sathyam Sivam Sundaram"'' Volume I, Sri Sathya Sai Books & Publications Trust, ISBN 81-7208-127-8, (Available online )〕〔Nagel, Alexandra (note: Nagel is a critical former follower) ''Een mysterieuze ontmoeting... :Sai Baba en mentalist Wolf Messing'' published in Tijdschrift voor Parapsychologie 368, vol. 72 nr 4, December 2005, pp. 14-17 (Dutch language)〕 Some of his followers have faith in his claim to be a ''purna Avatar '' (full divine incarnation) of Shiva and Shakti,〔(Shiva Shakthi )〕 who is believed to have been predicted in the Bhagavad Gita.〔Bowen, David (1988) The Sathya Sai Baba Community in Bradford: Its origins and development, religious beliefs and practices. Leeds: University Press. Page 212〕 This means that some of his followers see him as a God.〔(Sai Baba turns 82, is still going strong - India News - IBNLive )〕 Devotees engage in singing devotional songs called "bhajans" and selfless service (seva).〔Kent, page 47 〕〔Milner, Murray Jr. ''Hindu Eschatology and the Indian Caste System: An Example of Structural Reversal'' .The Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 52, No. 2 (May, 1993), pp. 298-319 As Babb notes, "The emphasis on social service provides an opportunity for devotees to do good in the world, but Sathya Sai Baba's profound conservatism on fundamentals like caste and gender ensures that doing good is unlikely to challenge his devotees' more basic sense of propriety and order" (1986:200-1).〕 Its official organization is the Sathya Sai Organization. However the Sathya Sai Baba movement extends beyond the organization.〔Kent, page 68 "The Sai Baba movement in Malaysia falls into two main camps. It has been formalized into a very active Sai Baba organization, renowned among devotees all over the world, but outside the organization are devotees who worship Sai Baba but remain independent of the organization and its ideology."〕 An important aspect of the faith of adherents is the miracles attributed to Sathya Sai Baba.〔Babb, Lawrence. ''Sathya Sai Baba's Magic'' in Anthropological Quarterly, 1983 "However, I think it is quite clear that Sathya Sai Baba's teachings, as such, are not what is most important about his cult. The most striking feature of this cult, however, is the extremely strong emphasis given to the miraculous. On this point let there be no mistake: Sathya Sai Baba's miracles are crucial to what this cult is all about."〕 The number of adherents is estimated between 6 and 100 million.〔adherents.com(Adherents ) citing Chryssides, George. ''Exploring New Religions''. London, UK: Cassells (1999). (retrieved 2 March 2007) "(source of British figure: email from Kishor Kumar of the UK Sai organization ) "I have selected the best available (), providing a range where adjudication is impossible... Sai Baba: Britain: 4,000 active devotees linked to a Sai Centre (1999); World 10,000,000 ""〕〔Brown, Mick,''Divine Downfall'', ''The Daily Telegraph'', 28 October 2000, (Available online ) "The guru Sai Baba has left India only once, yet his devotees across the world are estimated at up to 50 million."〕〔Nagel, Alexandra (note: Nagel is a critical former follower) "De Sai Paradox: Tegenstrijdigheden van en rondom Sathya Sai Baba"/"The Sai Paradox contradictions of and surrounding Sathya Sai Baba" from the magazine "Religieuze Bewegingen in Nederland, 'Sekten' "/"Religious movements in the Netherlands, 'Cults/Sects' ", 1994, nr. 29. published by the Free University Amsterdam press, (1994) ISBN 90-5383-341-2 English translation: "(skeptic ) Beyerstein (1992:3) estimates the number to be 6 million; Riti & Theodore (1993:31) estimates 30 million, Sluizer (1993:19) writes 70 million, and (follower ) Van Dijk (1993:30) writes "between 50 and 100 million". " Dutch original "Beyerstein (1992:3) schat het aantal op 6 miljoen; Riti & Theodore (1993:31) op 30 miljoen, Sluizer (1993:19) heeft het over 70 miljoen en Van Dijk (1993:30) over "tussen de 50 en 100 miljoen.""〕 ==Official life story of Sathya Sai Baba and history of the movement== (詳細はNarayana Kasturi.〔(Sathyam Shivam Sundaram - The Life of Bhagavan Sri Sathya Sai Baba )〕 Additional sources for the official life story are Sathya Sai Baba's discourses.〔(Sri Sathya Sai Books & Publication Trust )〕〔http://www.sssbpt.info/summershowers/ss2000/ss2000-14.pdf〕 Sathya Sai Baba was born on 23 November 1926. His birth name was Sathyanarayana Raju.〔(Sri Sathya Sai Baba: A living Legend )〕 Sathya (as Sai Baba referred to himself in those days) "was known to be very lively,"〔 and composed many plays, poems and songs for school and friends.〔 He also taught the local children and villagers how to read and write.〔 "He was called by the neighbors Brahmajnani, a "Realized Soul.""〔 In sixth standard, Sathya left Puttaparthi to live with his elder brother, Seshama and his wife in Kamalapuram.〔 About a year later, "holidays came and Seshama Raju took Sathya to Hampi."〔 A municipal chairman witnessed Sathya being both inside a Siva temple and outside (looking after his brothers luggage) simultaneously. Afterwards, he presented the boy with "a collar pin made of gold."〔 During a discourse in 2000, Sathya Sai Baba related the events that transpired a few days after, "He (Sathya) left the house and went about ten feet when the collar pin fell and could not be found... The collar pin symbolised worldly attachment, and when it was lost, it was symbolic of the end of the ‘Raju phase’ and attachments implied by it. Declaring that He had no worldly relationship with anyone, he ran to the house of one Anjaneyulu... In front of his house there was a small rock. Swami (Sathya Sai Baba) went and sat on that stone."〔 Narayana Kasturi's biography states Sathya Sai Baba performed many miracles (healings, levitation, materialization of fruit, sweets, pencils, pictures etc. and clairvoyance).〔 At approximately age 14, Sathya Sai Baba made a claim that he was the reincarnation of the fakir, Sai Baba of Shirdi. To validate his claim it is alleged that jasmine flowers were dropped onto the ground and that they miraculously arranged themselves into the words "Sai Baba" in Telugu.〔Schulman, Arnold (1971). Baba. Viking Press. pp. 122–124. ISBN 0-670-14343-X.〕 At that time, he began his spiritual mission. The first volume of ''Sathya Sai Speaks'' 〔(Sathya Sai Speaks volume 01 )〕 covers discourses given during the years 1953 to 1960. In this volume can be read the many early claims of divinity made by Sathya Sai Baba, including those of omnipotence and omniscience. During the month of June 1963, Sathya Sai Baba suffered a stroke and 4 heart attacks.〔 His left side was paralysed, and the sight in his left eye and speech were badly affected.〔 After sprinkling water on his left hand and leg, he made a full recovery and delivered a Guru Poornima discourse.〔 During the discourse he said, "Shiva said that they (Shiva and Shakti) would take human form and be born in the Bharadwaja lineage, thrice: Shiva alone as Shirdi Sai Baba, Shiva and Shakthi together at Puttaparthi as Sathya Sai Baba, and Shakthi alone as Prema Sai, later."〔 In a 1976 interview he repeated his claim to be a full divine Avatar, saying "I have come armed with the fullness of the power of formless God to correct mankind, raise human consciousness and put people back on the right path of truth, righteousness, peace and love to divinity."〔 Between 1988 and 2006, Sathya Sai Baba suffered three accidents,〔http://www.sssbpt.info/ssspeaks/volume21/sss21-23.pdf〕〔(Divine Discourse By Sai Baba - Sai Baba Of India )〕 the second of which left him with a fractured hip and a broken femur.〔(5 July 2003, Doctors' Day Discourse )〕 He later moved among devotees in his car or Porte Chair.〔(Sai Global Harmony - Prasanthi Bulletin )〕 It is claimed that he performed a number of miracles including: levitation (both indoors and outdoors), bilocation, physical disappearances, changing granite into sugar candy, changing water into another drink, changing water into gasoline, producing objects on demand, changing the color of his gown while wearing it, multiplying food, healing acute and chronic diseases, appearing in visions and dreams, making different fruits appear on any tree hanging from actual stems, controlling the weather, physically transforming into various deities and physically emitting brilliant light.〔( )〕 Sathya Sai Baba gained followers in India from the 1930s.〔Kent, 71〕 Outside of India, he became popular from the 1960s and 1970s.〔 During the period from 1970 to 1983, the number of Sathya Sai Baba centres in the United Kingdom grew from 2 to 51.〔Bowen, 51〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sathya Sai Baba movement」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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